Africa & World News Archive: [Dehai-WN] Globalresearch.ca: Conflict in North Somalia: $B!H(BCongo$B!I(B Style War for Resources(B

From: Berhane Habtemariam(B <Berhane.Habtemariam_at_gmx.de_at_dehai.org>
Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2013 21:41:15 +0200

Conflict in North Somalia: $B!H(BCongo$B!I(B Style War for Resources

By <http://www.globalresearch.ca/author/mahdi-ali> Mahdi Ali

Global Research, April 11, 2013

On Monday the
<http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-troops-clash-with-rebels-in-hudun-370
95> 5th of November 2012, Somaliland forces mounted an offensive [1] against
Khatumo state forces based in Hudun town.

Hudun[2] town is situated in the western parts of Sool province, in what was
a relatively peaceful area of Northern Somalia.

Pro Somaliland media outlets reported [3] that $B!H(B
<http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-skirmishes-in-hudun-as-polling-gets-u
nderway-38009> the skirmishes$B!I(B were the result of elements who were trying
to intimidate voters in the $B!H(B
<http://www.progressio.org.uk/sites/progressio.org.uk/files/Preparing-for-lo
cal-elections-Sld-2012.pdf> local elections [4]$B!I(B that was held in
Somaliland. However the offensive launched by Somaliland on the 5th of
November proved to be just the start of what would be a prolonged offensive
campaign waged by Somaliland on Khatumo State forces based in Hudun town.

Repeated [5] clashes followed on the
<http://www.bar-kulan.com/2012/11/28/fighting-erupts-in-hudun-district-sool-
region/> 28
<http://www.bar-kulan.com/2012/11/28/fighting-erupts-in-hudun-district-sool-
region/> th of November, the
<http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520> 1
<http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520> st, <http://www.
lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520> 31
<http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520> st of December,
the
<http://somalilandsun.com/index.php/politics/2153-somalilandkhatumo-militias
-dislodged-from-hudun-bases> 23
<http://samotalis.blogspot.nl/2013/01/somalilandkhatumo-militias-dislodged.h
tml> th,
<http://samotalis.blogspot.nl/2013/01/somalilandkhatumo-militias-dislodged.h
tml> 24
<http://samotalis.blogspot.nl/2013/01/somalilandkhatumo-militias-dislodged.h
tml> th of January, the
<http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-data
base.aspx?CountryIDs=%7BF8A09CE3-0615-4CBA-9EC7-7DCC2A088A7E%7D> 1
<http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-data
base.aspx?CountryIDs=%7BF8A09CE3-0615-4CBA-9EC7-7DCC2A088A7E%7D> st, <http:
//awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-forces-c
lash-in-hudun-town-sool-region-somalia-february-13-2013/> 13
<http://awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-fo
rces-clash-in-hudun-town-sool-region-somalia-february-13-2013/> th of
February 2013, with the most recent one being on the 8th of March. The
offensive on the
<http://beforeitsnews.com/war-and-conflict/2013/03/somaliland-clashes-betwee
n-army-and-khaatumo-separatist-group-militiamen-in-hudun-town-2445388.html>
8th of March followed the
<http://www.proactiveinvestors.com.au/companies/news/40446/jacka-resources-f
inds-promising-structures-in-somaliland-petroleum-block-40446.html> press
release [6] by Jacka resources on 6th March of large structural petroleum
prospects in North Somalia.

In three months$B!G(B time Somaliland attacked Hudun a total of nine times.
Sources close to Somaliland have confirmed Somaliland is planning a new
major offensive. In spite of Somaliland$B!G(Bs continued offensive, Khatumo
remains in firm control of Hudun town.

Illegitimate Oil Deals

Prior to the start of its offensive on the 5th of November, Somaliland
signed a deal [7] on the 30th of October 2012 with
<http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-firm-eyes-somaliland.aspx?pageID=2
38&nid=33524> Genel Energy Plc to drill two wells for Oil in Northwestern
Somalia, on two blocks assigned by Somaliland. Soon after the deal
Somaliland militia headed towards Hudun and attacked the town.

Hudun town is situated on the Nugaal block [8], one of the blocks to be
drilled for oil.

The Nugaal block is a stretch of land situated in the regions of Sool,
Sanaag and Cayn (Buhoodle town) in short the SSC [9] regions, and to a
lesser extend Nugaal region. The Nugaal block has been <http://uk.reuters.
com/article/2012/05/11/somalia-oil-idUKL5E8GB3LG20120511> sold [10] to oil
companies by both Somaliland and Puntland. Somaliland has sold the land to
Genel Energy led by
<http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2013/feb/27/bp-deepwater-oil-spill-ha
yward> Tony Hayward, the former BP CEO, who headed BP during the Gulf of
Mexico oil spill, the largest marine oil spill in the history of the
petroleum industry. Puntland has sold the land to Horn Petroleum.

However both entities do not control or have minimal control of the Nugaal
Block, with the later having no physical presence at all in the SSC region.
There are also claims being made by large international oil companies
including Royal Dutch Shell [11], who possess old oil exploration licenses
granted by the former Somali government of Major General Mohamed Siad Barre.
The SSC region is not only rich in Oil but also has large reserves of Tin,
Iron Ore, Zircominium, Copper, Cobalt and Chromium.

The Nugaal Block is largely
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Somalia_map_states_regio
ns_districts.png> controlled [12] by Khatumo State and cannot be sold to any
foreign company without the consent of Khatumo State, that represents the
aspirations of the local population.

Investors in companies who claim to have bought the rights to explore Sool,
Sanaag and Cayn (SSC) from either Somaliland or Puntland should be informed
about the facts on the ground, and the conflict that these oil deals have
caused. Any funds disbursed to these two entities for drilling rights on the
Nugaal block can be considered as an squandered investment and a lack of due
diligence on the part of these companies.

Extraction of Oil and Minerals can only be done with the support of the
local population represented by Khatumo State of Somalia.

The War Waged against Khatumo State and the SSC population

Puntland and Somaliland have been waging war against each-other in the SSC
regions for a <http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Hoehne/> decade [13] now, and
in the last three years
<http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/10/somalia-conflict-idUSL2E8D9BN4201
20210> against [14] Khatumo State of Somalia and its predecessor
<http://www.demotix.com/news/612059/somalis-demonstrate-against-somalilands-
war-ssc-people#.T_mHvPVmjIU> SSC.

Khatumo State of Somalia was created on the 12th of January 2012, in the
historic town of Taleh [15]. The officials of
<http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/3271/What_is_Khatumo_State>
Khatumostate of Somalia [16] have been elected and endorsed by the civil
society at large including the 13 Garaads of the SSC regions (prominent
elders of SSC), women associations and business groups.

Since the creation of Khatumo State of Somalia and its predecessor SSC,
Somaliland and Puntland have moved closer to each-other and have formed an
alliance to fully eliminate any party that may challenge their claims to
these regions. This alliance culminated into a
<http://lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=3&num=7679> coordinated [17]
attack on Khatumo State forces on the 28th of June 2012 by Puntland and
Somaliland on Tukaraq a small village in Sool region, situated 15 Miles from
Garowe, the capital of Puntland. The presumption in the SSC regions is that
Puntland and Somaliland have divided the area between themselves.

Since the
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puntland%E2%80%93Somaliland_dispute> capture
of Lasanod by Somaliland on the 5th of October 2007, there has been a
relentless war against the local population. The war waged by Somaliland
includes the targeting of food convoys,
<http://awdalstatenews.com/somaliland-occupying-militia-gang-rape-13-year-ol
d-girl-in-sool/> sexual violence [18], <http://www.dhanbaal.com/main/index.
php?module=News&func=display&sid=1571> arbitrary excecutions of nomads [19]
and their animals with mobile units of technicals mounted with machine guns.
The wars waged by Somaliland in Buhoodle district alone have resulted in the
displacement of 150,000 residents as reported [20] by the UN monitoring
group on Somalia and Eritrea. These fleeing civilians end up in villages and
cities where safety is provided by Khatumo State of Somalia or end up in
refugee camps in Kenya.

The displacement of civilians from their homes and livelihoods by Somaliland
is the main cause of loss of life in the Northern region of Somalia. The war
in the SSC region will continue and accelerate in the near future while
Somaliland is trying to secure these regions for
<http://somalilanddiaspora.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=
154%3Asomaliland-financial-and-technical-resources-into-the-effort-to-speed-
up-the-exploration-activities-acquired> seismic surveys on the ground and
eventually drilling.

Despite Somaliland$B!G(Bs continues offensive it has been losing ground to
Khatumo State that has the support of the local population.

The role of the International community and the UN

The UN has undertaken various governance and law programmes in Somaliland,
including the training [21] of
<http://www.somalilandsun.com/index.php/politics/402-somaliland-uk-trained-r
esistant-reaction-police-unit-graduate> Special police units,
<http://www.imo.org/MediaCentre/HotTopics/piracy/Documents/UNPOS.pdf>
maritime police and the donating of
<http://www.mareeg.com/fidsan.php?sid=6272&tirsan=3> vehicles [22]. The aim
of these governance programs is to increase the efficiency and the
effectiveness of the security forces thereby $B!H(Bincreasing security$B!I(B in
$B!H(BSomaliland$B!I(B.

These programs do not take into account the war waged by Somaliland on
Khatumo State and the SSC population. Increasing the effectiveness of the
security means increasing their ability to wage war. At the start of 2012,
Somaliland started to use its newly acquired equipment and training received
to
<http://www.dhanbaal.com/main/index.php?module=News&func=display&sid=1571>
attack Buhoodle district.

The UN is aware of the war that Somaliland is waging in the SSC region but
is still committed to funding $B!H(Bgovernance and law$B!I(B programs in Somaliland
and has even increased funding for these kind of projects for 2013. Through
the UN, the <http://somalilandpress.com/uk-increases-aid-to-somalia-20537>
United <http://somalilandpress.com/uk-increases-aid-to-somalia-20537>
Kingdom and to a lesser extend the European Union have been the biggest
donors to Somaliland. The budget of Somaliland depends on the funds made
available by the International community.

The United Kingdom has been informed [23] of the war waged by Somaliland by
the SSC <http://somalilandpress.com/uk-increases-aid-to-somalia-20537>
diaspora living in the United Kingdom and is well aware of Somaliland$B!G(Bs war
against Khatumo State of Somalia and its people. However it has promised
increased funding [24] to Somaliland. One has to question why the United
Kingdom is funding Somaliland while it is waging war in the SSC regions of
Somalia.

Although there has been a decade of war in North Somalia (Somaliland), there
is a media blackout of the conflict. Many media outlets even portray
Somaliland as an oases of Peace in Northern Somalia, with the BBC leading
the way.

Khatumo State and the SSC population

Khatumo State of Somalia and the population living in the SSC regions are
aware that the war is not only about Somaliland wanting to secede, but that
it is increasingly a war for resources. Somaliland has been able to promote
itself as being in full control of the SSC region to oil companies, and is
actively seeking to $B!H(Bsell$B!I(B land to these companies. The international
community is keen to explore these resources.

The war in the SSC regions is developing into a war for the resources of
North Somalia. The human and material cost suffered by the SSC population is
of no relevance to Somaliland and the oil companies.

Khaatumo State and the SSC population are aware that the resources on their
land can either be a blessing or a curse. Today Khaatumo State controls the
majority of the SSC regions and is actively working towards the development
of the region. It is the right of the people of Khaatumo State to choose
their own destiny, and to develop their own land.

<http://radiowidhwidh.com/widhwidhnew/Radio/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/mig2.
jpg>
The Nugaal block is the most sought out by the oil companies, with
prospective resources of 4.1 Billion barrels of oil.

Notes

1. $B!I(BSomaliland troops clash with rebels in Hudun$B!I(B.
<http://somaliamediamonitoring.org/> http://somaliamediamonitoring.org. 6
November 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://somaliamediamonitoring.org/november-6-2012-daily-monitoring-report/>
http://somaliamediamonitoring.org/november-6-2012-daily-monitoring-report/

2. Location Hudun, see:
<http://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/hudun-nugaal-located.html>
http://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/hudun-nugaal-located.html

3. $B!I(BSomaliland: Skirmishes in Hudun as Polling gets underway$B!I(B.
<http://somalilandpress.com/> http://somalilandpress.com. 5 November 2012.

Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-skirmishes-in-hudun-as-polling-gets-u
nderway->
http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-skirmishes-in-hudun-as-polling-gets-un
derway-38009

4. The local election held in Somaliland in 2012, was largely of tribal
nature were each sub clan of the ruling Isaaq clan of Somaliland had its own
party. The 4 ( <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhulbahante> Dhulbahante,
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadabuursi> Gadabuursi, <http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/Issa_%28clan%29> Issa, and
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsangali> Warsangali) other clans of
Somaliland did not participate and were not represented during the local
election. See Steve Kibble. $B!H(BPreparing for local elections in Somaliland$B!I(B.
<http://www.progressio.org.uk/> http://www.progressio.org.uk. Retrieved 30
March, from
<http://www.progressio.org.uk/sites/progressio.org.uk/files/Preparing-for-lo
cal-elections-Sld-2012.pd>
http://www.progressio.org.uk/sites/progressio.org.uk/files/Preparing-for-loc
al-elections-Sld-2012.pd

5. Repeated clashes, see: $B!H(BFighting erupts in Hudun district, Sool
region$B!I(B. http://www.bar-kulan.com. <http://www.bar-kulan.com/> 28 November
2012. Retrieved 30 March, from
http://www.bar-kulan.com/2012/11/28/fighting-erupts-in-hudun-district-sool-r
egion/, $B!H(BSomaliland (Somalia) 1 Dec 2012$B!m(B. <http://www.crisisgroup.org/>
http://www.crisisgroup.org. 1 December 2012. Retrieved 30 March,
<http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-data
base.aspx?CountryIDs>
http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-datab
ase.aspx?CountryIDs={F8A09CE3-0615-4CBA-9EC7-7DCC2A088A7E}, $B!H(BWar in Xudun$B!I(B
(Somali language). <http://www.lasanod.com/> http://www.lasanod.com. 31
December 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520>
www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=12&num=8520, $B!H(BWar in Xudun$B!I(B (Somali
language). <http://www.lasanod.com/> http://www.lasanod.com. 22 January
2013. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=6&num=8637>
http://www.lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=6&num=8637,
$B!H(BSomaliland:Khatumo Militias Dislodged from Hudun Bases$B!I(B.
http://somalilandsun.com <http://somalilandsun.com/> . 23 January 2013.
Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://samotalis.blogspot.nl/2013/01/somalilandkhatumo-militias-dislodged.h
tml>
http://samotalis.blogspot.nl/2013/01/somalilandkhatumo-militias-dislodged.ht
ml, $B!H(BSomaliland Army Crush Khatumo Aligned Militiamen$B!I(B.
somaliamediamonitoring.org. 24 January 2013. Retrieved 30 March, from <http:
//somaliamediamonitoring.org/january-25-2013-daily-monitoring-report/> http:
//somaliamediamonitoring.org/january-25-2013-daily-monitoring-report/,
$B!H(BSomaliland (Somalia) 1 Feb 2013$B!m(B. <http://www.crisisgroup.org/>
http://www.crisisgroup.org. 1 February 2012. Retrieved 30 March,
<http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-data
base.aspx?CountryIDs=>
http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/crisiswatch-datab
ase.aspx?CountryIDs={F8A09CE3-0615-4CBA-9EC7-7DCC2A088A7E}, $B!H(BNorth Somalia:
Somaliland Militia & Khatumo State Forces Clash in Hudun Town, Sool Region,
Somalia February 13. 2013$B!m(B. <http://awdalstatenews.com/>
http://awdalstatenews.com. 13 February 2013. Retrieved 30 March, from <http:
//awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-forces-c
lash-in-hudun-town-sool->
<http://awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-fo
rces-clash-in-hudun-town-sool-region-somalia-february-13-2013>
http://awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-for
ces-clash-in-hudun-town-sool-
<http://awdalstatenews.com/north-somalia-somaliland-militia-khatumo-state-fo
rces-clash-in-hudun-town-sool-region-somalia-february-13-2013>
region-somalia-february-13-2013/, $B!H(BSomaliland: clashes between army and
khaatumo separatist group militiamen in Hudun town$B!I(B.
<http://beforeitsnews.com/> http://beforeitsnews.com. 8 March 2013.
Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://beforeitsnews.com/war-and-conflict/2013/03/somaliland-clashes-betwee
n-army-and-khaatumo-separatist-group-militiamen-in-hudun-town-2445388.html>
http://beforeitsnews.com/war-and-conflict/2013/03/somaliland-clashes-between
-army-and-khaatumo-separatist-group-militiamen-in-hudun-town-2445388.html

6. Bevis,Yeo. $B!H(BJacka Resources finds promising structures in Somaliland
petroleum block$B!I(B. <http://www.proactiveinvestors.com.au/>
http://www.proactiveinvestors.com.au. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 30 March, from

7. $B!I(BTurkish firm eyes Somaliland$B!I(B. <http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/>
http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com. 30 October 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from

<http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-firm-eyes-somaliland.aspx?pageID=2
38&nid=33524> http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-firm-eyes-somaliland.
aspx?pageID=238&nid=33524

8. $B!I(BNogal and Dharoor valley blocks$B!I(B. <http://www.africaoilcorp.com/>
http://www.africaoilcorp.com. Retrieved 30 March,
fromhttp://www.africaoilcorp.com/s/Nogal.asp

9. SSC region, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:SSC_Somalia/Sandbox1
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%3ASSC_Somalia/Sandbox1>

10. Kelly Gilblom. $B!H(BRow between Somali regions slows oil exploration$B!I(B.
<http://uk.reuters.com/> http://uk.reuters.com. 11 May 2012. Retrieved 30
March, from
<http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/05/11/somalia-oil-idUKL5E8GB3LG20120511>
http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/05/11/somalia-oil-idUKL5E8GB3LG20120511

11. Jon Kamp. <http://www.foxbusiness.com/> http://www.foxbusiness.com. 21
March 2013. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.foxbusiness.com/news/2013/03/21/royal-dutch-shell-ceo-highlights
-somalia-holdings/>
http://www.foxbusiness.com/news/2013/03/21/royal-dutch-shell-ceo-highlights-
somalia-holdings/

12. Political map of Somalia, see:
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Somalia_map_states_regio
ns_districts.png>
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Somalia_map_states_region
s_districts.png

13. For an analysis, see: Markus V. Hoehne. $B!H(BPuntland and Somaliland
Clashing in Northern Somalia: Who Cuts the Gordian Knot?$B!I(B
<http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/> http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org. 7 November
2007. Retrieved 30 March, from <http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Hoehne/>
http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Hoehne/

14. Mark Anderson. $B!H(BSomaliland clashes with secessionists$B!I(B
<http://www.reuters.com/> http://www.reuters.com. 10 February 2012.
Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/10/somalia-conflict-idUSL2E8D9BN4201
20210>
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/10/somalia-conflict-idUSL2E8D9BN42012
0210

15. Historic town of Taleh, see: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taleh> http:
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taleh

16. $B!H(BWhat is Khatumo State$B!I(B. <http://www.somaliareport.com/>
http://www.somaliareport.com. 26 April 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2013, from
<http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/3271/What_is_Khatumo_State>
http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/3271/What_is_Khatumo_State

17. Abdinur Elmi Qaaje. Khatumo State of Somalia. $B!H(BJoint war Waged by
Somaliland and Puntland Administrations on Khatumo State of Somalia$B!I(B. 28
June 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from <http://lasanod.com/details.php>
http://lasanod.com/details.php?wararPage=3&num=7679

18 Osman Hassan. $B!H(BSomaliland occupying militia gang-rape 13-year old girl
in Sool$B!I(B. http://khatumo.net <http://khatumo.net/> . 30 December

2012. Retrieved 04 April 2013 from <http://khatumo.net/?p=1363>
http://khatumo.net/?p=1363. Dalmar Kaahin, a pro Somaliland reports of 13
old being raped. $B!H(BSomaliland: the Violent Militant, Khatumo$B!G(Bs $B!H(BPress
Release$B!I(B Back Fires$B!I(B. <http://somalilandpress.com/>
http://somalilandpress.com. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-the-violent-militant-khatumo%E2%80%99
s-%E2%80%9Cpress-release%E2%80%9D-back-fires-39179>
http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-the-violent-militant-khatumo%E2%80%99s
- <http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-the-violent-militant-khatumo%E2%80%
99s-%E2%80%9Cpress-release%E2%80%9D-back-fires-39179>
%E2%80%9Cpress-release%E2%80%9D-back-fires-39179

19 $B!H(BWarlord Siilaanyo & His Somaliland Killing KHaatumo Civilians$B!I(B.
<http://www.dhanbaal.com/> http://www.dhanbaal.com. 26 January 2012.

Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.dhanbaal.com/main/index.php?module=News&func=display&sid=1571>
http://www.dhanbaal.com/main/index.php?module=News&func=display&sid=1571

20 Matt Bryden, Coordinator Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea.
$B!H(BLetter dated 20 June 2011 from the members of the Monitoring Group on
Somalia and Eritrea addressed to the Chairman of the Security Council
Committee pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning
Somalia and Eritrea$B!I(B. Page 130. 20 June 2011. Retrieved 30 March, from
http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2011/433

21 Yusuf M Hasan. $B!H(BSomaliland: UK Trained Resistant Reaction Police Unit
Graduate$B!I(B. <http://www.somalilandsun.com/> http://www.somalilandsun.com.
15 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from <http://index.php/politics/402->
http://index.php/politics/402-
somaliland-uk-trained-resistant-reaction-police-unit-graduate, Colonel S. R.
Roberts. $B!H(BConference on capacity- building to Counter Piracy off the coast
of Somalia$B!I(B. 15 May 2012. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.imo.org/MediaCentre/HotTopics/piracy/Documents/UNPOS.pdf> http:
//www.imo.org/MediaCentre/HotTopics/piracy/Documents/UNPOS.pdf

22 $B!H(BUNDP donates vehicles to Somaliland police, judiciary$B!I(B. Retrieved 30
March, from <http://www.mareeg.com/fidsan.php?sid=6272&tirsan=3>
http://www.mareeg.com/fidsan.php?sid=6272&tirsan=3

23 Alex Milan Tracy. $B!H(BSomali$B!G(Bs demonstrate against Somaliland$B!G(Bs war on
SSC people$B!I(B. <http://www.demotix.com/> http://www.demotix.com. 5

March 2011. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://www.demotix.com/news/612059/somalis-demonstrate-against->
http://www.demotix.com/news/612059/somalis-demonstrate-against-
somalilands-war-ssc-people#media-612064

24 $B!H(BUK increases aid to Somalia$B!I(B. <http://somalilandpress.com/>
http://somalilandpress.com. Retrieved 30 March, from
<http://somalilandpress.com/uk-increases-aid-to-somalia-20537>
http://somalilandpress.com/uk-increases-aid-to-somalia-20537

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Received on Thu Apr 11 2013 - 17:03:36 EDT

[Dehai-WN] Globalresearch.ca: Conflict in North Somalia: $B!H(BCongo$B!I(B Style War for Resources(B

[Dehai-WN] Globalresearch.ca: Conflict in North Somalia: $B!H(BCongo$B!I(B Style War for Resources(B